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Martin County is divided into 9 Civil Townships as follows: Baker, Brown,
Center, Halbert, Lost River, McCameron, Mitcheltree, Perry and Rutherford.
The township once known as Columbia in now included mostly in Halbert Township
although small portions are included in Center and Lost River Townships.
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Originally a part of Daviess County, Martin was organized as a separate county
February 1, 1820.
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Shoals wasn't always the County Seat. In fact, this county has the record
for the greatest number of County Seat changes.
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Hindostan was the first County Seat. Before a Courthouse could be built,
the County Seat was relocated.
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Mount Pleasant, laid out in 1817, was the next County Seat until May,
1844.
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Memphis, the present site of Shoals, became the next County Seat only to
be moved in the fall of the same year.
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Harrisonville, near the site of Trinity Springs became the location of the
County Seat.
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Hillsboro became the County Seat on April 30, 1845. The name of the city
was changed to Dover Hill by a legislative act of February 11, 1848. Laid
out in 1845, by 1849 Dover Hill had about 50 inhabitants.
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While the county buildings were being built at Dover Hill, Mount Pleasant
again became the County Seat.
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After the building of the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad through the county
in 1856 agitation was started to change the County Seat again and on December
11, 1869 it was moved to the west side of White River at the City of Memphis,
which was christened the town of "West Shoals" where business was opened
July 4, 1871.
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On April 27, 1876, the Courthouse was destroyed by fire, and pending the
erection of new buildings, the offices were moved across the river to Shoals.
A few years later, the boundaries of West Shoals were dissolved and extended
to take in that territory, thus placing the County Seat at Shoals.
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According to the Society of Indiana Pioneers, an individual was a pioneer
of our county if they resided here on or before December 31, 1825.
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Indiana automobile License Plates issued in Martin County start with the
prefix 51 because it is the fifty-first county in alphabetical listing.
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