The Danger Period -- Indian History

Conditions in First Decade

During the first decade of Indiana Territory, the United States government was nominally at peace with the Indians north of the Ohio. That is, there were no campaigns and not much armed demonstration, and the series of land treaties during that period bespoke friendly relations. This seeming friendliness, however, is belied by the straggling chronicles we have of attacks and reprisals between the frontiersmen and marauding war parties of savages. A repeated source of aggravation was the land question and the fact that the chiefs who signed away the various tracts, one after the other, did not represent the sentiment of all the Indians who conceived that they had rights in the land. This, as will be related elsewhere, was the prime cause of trouble that culminated in the Battle of Tippecanoe. There was also, doubtless, the deep-seated feeling that the government, with all its professions of fairness, was exercising the merciless power of its dominance. As a matter of fact in the policy of the government it was a foregone conclusion that the newcomers was to possess the land - the boundaries of future states were established before any of it had been purchased; and when the time came he bought pretty much on his own terms. What kind of terms these were may bee seen from a letter of Harrison's to Jefferson which stated that the purchase of 1805 amounted to about one cent per acre, but that he "hoped to get the next cession enough cheaper to bring down the average." In connection with this purchase he also said that a knowledge of the value of land was fast gaining ground among the Indians (see Webster's "William Henry Harrison's Administration of Indiana Territory;" an excellent monograph in vol. iv, Indiana Historical Society publications). In brief there existed in connection with the land purchases an undercurrent of dissatisfaction that played its part in making the early years a "danger period;" and the further fact that hunters, invading the Indian lands in search of pelts, had almost exterminated the larger game, kept the young men of the tribes on the verge of warfare. William M. Cockrum, in his "Pioneer History of Indiana," has rescued from this obscure period some accounts of Indian adventures that savor the annals of Kentucky's "dark and bloody ground."